Ortalano+Chapter+8+Study+Guide

= __//**Chapter 8 Study Guide**//__ = = = = = // **Peter Salem:** // was born in 1750, framingham, Middlesex, Massachusetts, USA. He died August 16 1816. He is important because he was one of the 500 African slaves who fought in the Revouloutinary War. He was also a patriot. His onwer set him free from slavery to fight in the continental army. On June 17 1775 he fought at Bunker Hill, where he is rememberied for his shooting and the death of British Major John Pitcairm. Soon after soldies of the New England Army raised money to reward Salem for his bravery. **Want to learn more go to the link in the name, under lined.**

// [|Second Continental Congress] // : The second continental congress said " We need to make an army and we will   call it them the Continentals." The Congress met on May 10 1776. Some returing delegates were Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and the new president of the Continental Congress John Hancock. Many delegates disagreed that they should break off of Great Britain even after the battle at Lexington and Concord. Even though George Washington was head of the Continental Army he was skeptical about fighting the most powerful army in the world. ( Great Britain ) **Want to learn more go to the link in the name, under lined.**

//[|Battle of Yorktown]:// The Battle of Yorktown ended on October 19 1781. On August 21 accompanied by 7,000 American and French soldiers, Washington marched toward Virgina. On September 28 the French and American troops marched into Yorktown. the British tried launching a counter attack but it failed.Realizing that the situation was hopeless Cornwallis asked for a truce on October 17. Two days later he singed a form stating that they surrendered. **Want to learn more go to the link in the name, under lined.**

//[|Friedrich Von Steuben]:// Steuben was a general. He was 47 years old when he came to Washington's camp at Valley Forge. Steuben taught the camp how to use a bayonet ( Gun ) before, they used them to stir pots. Steuben was also know as Baron Von Steuben. ** Want to learn more go to the link in the name. **

colonies anymore, but The United States Of America. Also stating that the loyalist are treated fairly. ( Loyalist supported the British ) After the Battle Of Yorktown the colonies still weren't free, untill the Treaty Of Paris was signed. **Want to learn more go to the link, underlined.**
 * // [|__Treaty Of Paris__:] //** The Treaty Of Paris was a document, stating that the colonies are free from Britain and are not

//**__[|Mercenaries]__**//: Mercenaries are soldiers who are hired to fight in foreign country. ** Want more go to the link, underlined. **

//**__[|Phillis Wheatley]__**//: In 1761 Phillis was a personal slave for Susannah Wheatley, in Boston. She was about 7 years old at the time. She learned to read, write, and speak English, taught by Mary Wheatley. The daughter of Susannah. Her owners showed her off daily to their friends. **Want more go to the link, underlined.** __**//[|Olive Branch Petiton]//:**__ It was approved by the the Continental Congress on July 5 1775. John Dickinson drafted the petition. Which was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5. Then submitted to the king on July 8. It was a atempt to assert the rights of the colonists. **Want more go to the link, underlined.**

[|__//**George Washington**//__] [|:] Born in Westmore County Febuary 22 1732. He was commander in Cheif of the Continental army. Also the first president of the United States. His early education was of math, surveying, and classics. He was training soldiers without disipline and it wasn't working. Then a man named Friedrich Von Steuben.Who cleaned up his act. **Want to learn more go to link, underlined.**

//** [|Battle of Saratoga]: **// During the summer of 1776, a powerful army invaded New York City. The army defeated Washingtons.When the United States Of America was born the British attcked and the colonists lost, but then the British got small poxs.

__//**Thomas Jefferson**//__ : Born on April 13, 1743. He wrote the biggest signature on the declaration of independence. and wrote the delaration of independence. He died on July 4 1876.

**//Mary Slocumb: Was a woman in the war and when her //** **//husband died she took over the fireing of his cannon.//**

**//Quakers: They were aganst war and when asked to choose sides they simly were//** **//neutral. and did not take sides. Also the British and Colonists both saw them as//** **//a threat.//**

**//Thomas Paine: Was a colonists while his father was a Quaker. Paine was also//** **//a shopkeeper and also signed the Declaration Of Independence.//**

//**Thaddeus Kosciuszko: On October 18 he was a colonel of engineers by the Continental Congress.**// //**He helped fight the British and when the colonies got their independence he left back for Portland his home.**//

//**The four parts of the Declaration Of Independence:**// //**Part 1. It said that the Declaration was needed and why.**//

//**Part 2. Jefferson listed the colonists ideas'.**//

//**Part 3. The colonists listed the complaints of the King and Parliment.**//

//**Part 4. It stated that the 13 colonies were not part of Britian, but are The United States Of America.**//